Heat-interchanging apparatus.



E. L. PEASE.

HEAT INTERCHANGING APPARATUS. APPLICATION man mini. 1. I917 11,291,632.Patented Jan. 14,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEEI' I.

M &Q7( 64% 4 AW MW ED STATES PATENT orrion.

. EDWARD LLOYD PEASE, OF DARLINGTON, ENGLAND.

HEAT-INTERCHANGING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patented Jan. 14, 1919.

Application filed March 1, 1917. Serial No. 151,802.

This invention relates to apparatus of thekind by which there is securedan interchange of heat between two fluids while one flows in streamsupwardly between metal strips, plates or gills (hereinafter calledgills) constituting part ofa structure separating it from the otherfluid. Where the stream paths referred-to are relatively long and thetendency of the other fluid is to maintain the structure at a uniformtemperature, it will be obvious that the heat transference will not beconstant throughout but will vary and diminish over the region orregions where the difference between the temperatures of the two fluidsbeing dealt with more nearly approaches equality.

The object of the present invention is to overcome or mitigate thisdisadvantage and it is achieved by, arranging that the width of thegills in the region or regions aforesaid shall be increased tocompensate for variationin the temperature of the streams of fluid thatflow between the gills, so that the heat transference shall be moreeffective.

One form of apparatus to which the invention is particularly applicableis described in the specification of my application for Letters PatentSerial No. 55,814 filed 14th October, 1915.

Thus, in the specific case of the heat interchanging apparatus orradiator described in the application just referred to, it will beunderstood that since the heating agent flows in parallel through thevarious horizontal tubes of the vertical set thereof and consequentlyheats all the tubes ractically to the same degree, the air ascendingbetween the gills, each of which is traversed by all the tubes, willbecome increased in temperature as the upper part of the apparatus isapproached. Consequently, the heat from the upper tubes will not be soreadily dissipated as from the lower ones.

Accordin to the present invention however the gi ls in lieu of being ofconstant width, are made wider at the top than at the bottom, it beingconvenient to make the gills with a gradual taper from the bottom to thetop. Such gills may be bi-laterally symmetrical with regard to thevertical plane containin the. axes of the set-of heatmg tubes, or t eincrease of width of the gllls may be located more to one side of thesaid vertical plane than the other. The diameter of the tubes mayadvantageously be as small as possible in relation to the width of thegills having regard to the heating agent used and the heat required tobe supplled to the gills so as to leave a large proportion of the spacebetween the gills as unrestricted vertical air assages that are freelyopen at all parts or passage of air and radiant heat.

The invention in addition to being applicable to tubular heatinterchanging apparatus of the kind described in my said formerspecification can also be applied to other constructions of heatinterchanging apparatus as for instance one comprising a verticalchamber through which a heating agent is caused to flow and providedwith external gills between which air is caused to flow.

Furthermore, in cases where there may be a substantial difference intemperature between various parts of the a paratus to which the gillsare applied, suc gills as a whole may be diminished to secure a moreuniform heat transference.

In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are elevations at rightangles to one another and Fig. 3 a vertical transverse section On theline A A of Fig. 1 showing a heat radiator of the type described in mysaid former specification but provided with gills according to thepresent invention. Fig. at is a horizontal section on the line B B ofFig. 3. Fig. 5 is a similar view to Fig. 4 showing a modification. Figs.6, 7 and 8 are similar views to Fig. 3 showing modified arrangements.Fig. 9 is a vertical transverse section of another type of heatinterchanging apparatus having gills according to the invention appliedthereto.

As'will be seen from Figs. 6 and 7, the metal gills a that are fixedupon the heating tube 6 connected to the end headers of the heatradiator, instead of bein made of constantwidth as before, are ma ewider at the top than at the bottom, it being convenient to make themwith a gradual taper from the bottom to the top for the purposehereinbefore set forth. Such gills-may be bi-laterally symmetrical withregard to the vertical plane containing the axes of the vertical set ofheating tubes b as shown in Fig. 7, or the increase of width of thegills may be located more to one side of the said vertical plane thanthe other, as shown in Fig. 3,

where one edge of each gill is parallel to' to equal extents'as shown inFigs. 1 and 4.-, or

they may be arranged in contacting pairs as shown in Fig. 5. The latterarrangement is equivalent to employing gill material of varyingthickness in cross section which may be adopted to obtain increasedcontact area with the heating tubes.

-In Fig. 6 the heating tubes 6 are arranged with their axes in twovertical planes but with no two axes in the same horizontal plane sothat air has free access to the tubes all around them. In this example,the gills a of gradually increasing width from hot tom to top are eachshown as arranged sym- 'contact with one another,

metrically with reference to the tubes. The tubes mav be similarlyarranged in two vertical sets when the gills are arranged to overlap oneanother sidewise as in Fig. 3, if desired and as shown in Fig. 8. Inthis example pairs of tubes are shown arranged in the same horizontalplane.

In Figs. 1 and 2, the heating tubes 2; are expanded into a plate 6 ateach end, such plates j. forming parts of pressed steel headers of whichthe parts f constitute covers which are bolted to the plates 6. Withsuch a construction the plates 6 of tWo adjacent radiator sections canbe bolted together in after removing their covers f, to form a longerradiator.

Fig. 9 shows gills of tapered shape applied in apparatus constructedaccording to the invention described in my former specification No. 684of 1916 and designed for use as a water cooler, such apparatuscomprising two plates 9 arranged to form between them a passage way Itfor one of the fluids, say a heated fluid is caused to flow, andprovided on their outer sides with gills a of tapered shape. In thisexample the apparatus may be used as a water cooler, the heated water tobe cooled being caused to flow through the passageway h and air fornaeneea cooling purposes being caused to flow through a casing 71 andthereby constrained to flow between the gills a.

As will be obvious, tapered gills as and for the purpose hereinbeforedescribed, can advantageously be used in heat exchanging apparatus ofvarious kinds where air isv caused to flow between the gills to carryofl heat therefrom and each gill is heated along its length tosubstantially the same or to an increasing temperature through itsattachment to the tubes, chamber or equivalent carrying it andcontaining the heating.

agent.

What I claim is 1. Heat interchanging apparatus comprising a hollowstructure through which a heated fluid can pass and elongated metalstrips attached to and heated by said structure and between which thefluid to be heated is capable of flowing lengthwise of the strips, thepart of the structure to which each strip is attached being designed tobe heated to substantially the same temperature and each stripincreasing in width along its lengthin the direction of flow of thefluid to be heated, and terminating substantially atits widest part.

2. Heat interchanging apparatus comprising a hollow structure comprisingadjacent tubular sections through which a heated fluid can pass andelongated metal strips attached transversely to and heated by saidtubular sections along their length and between which the fluid to beheated is capable of flowing lengthwise of the strips, said strips beingmade of increased width along their length from the portions thereofwith which the fluid to be heated first comes in contact.

3. Heat interchanging apparatus comprising a hollow vertically arrangedstructure through which a heated fluid canflow horizontally in onedirection bnly and vertically arranged elongated metal strips attachedto and heatedby said structure alon their length and between which theflui to be heated is capable of flowing lengthwise of the strips, saidstrips being made of tapering width with their smaller width at thelower part of the apparatus where the fluid to be heated first entersbetween them and terminating substantially at their widest upper ends.

4. Heat interchanging apparatus comprising horizontal tubes,verticalside headers connected to opposite ends of said tubes, one ofsaid headers constituting an inlet header and the other an outlet headerand vertical elongated metal strips each secured to all the tubes, saidstrips being of greater width at their upper ends than at their lowerends. a

5. Heat interchanging apparatus comprising horizontal tubcs, verticalside headprising horizontal tubes, vertical side headers connected tothe opposite ends of said tubes, and each in communication along itsheight with said tubes, and elongated vertical metal strips each securedon all the tubes, one of said headers having an aperture at itslower endand the other having an aperture at its upper end for passage of heatedfluid, one of said headers having a removable cover in which one of saidapertures is formed.

7. Heat interchanging apparatus comprising horizontal tubes, verticalside headers connected to the opposite ends of said tubes, and each incommunication along its height with said tubes, and elongated verticalmetal strips each secured on all the tubes,

-one of said headers having an aperture at its lower end and the otherhaving an aperture at its upper end for passage of heated fluid, each ofsaid headers having a removable cover in which one of said apertures isformed.

8. Heat interchanging apparatus comprising horizontal tubes, verticalside headers connected to said tubes, and vertical metal strips eachsecured on all the tubes and made of gradually increasing width in anupward direction, adjacent strips being arranged to overlap one anothersidewise.

9. Heat interchanging apparatus coinprising horizontal tubes, verticalside headers connected to said tubes, and vertical metal strips eachsecured on all the tubes and made of gradually increasing width in anupward direction, the tubes adjacent to one edge of each strip beingequally distant from such edge.

10. Heat interchanging apparatus comprising a vertical series ofhorizontal tubes, side headers connected to the ends of said tubes andvertical metal strips secured on all the tubes and made of taperingwidth 111 I an upward direction, one edge of each strip beingvertical'and parallel to the vertical set of tubes. 4

11. Heat interchanging apparatus comprising a vertical series ofhorizontal tubes, side headers connected to the ends-of said tubes andvertical metal strips on all the tubes and made of tapering width in anupward direction, adjacent strips being arranged to overlap one anothersidewise.

12. Heat interchanging apparatus comprising a vertical series ofhorizontal tubes, side headers connected to the ends of said tubes andvertical metal strips secured on all the tubes and made of taperingwidth in an upward direction, said strips being spaced apart on saidtubes, some of said strips being arranged to extend laterally from saidtubes to a greater extent than others.

Signed at London, England, this 8th day of February, 1917.

WILLIAM Gross, GHAnms Emms'r Bnonermu.

